Liquid fuel burner



Nov. 3, 1936. H. GUHL ET AL 4 LIQUID FUEL BURNER Filed April 2, 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet l bb did Nov. 3, 1936. H. GUHL ET AL 2,059,638

LIQUID FUEL `BURNER Fi1`ed April 2, 1952. 2 Sheets--Sheei'l 2 Patented Nov. 3, 1936 UNIT-ED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2.0594338 LIQUID FUEL BURNER Application April 2, 1932, Serial No. 602,850 In Germany April 20, 1931 's claims. (o1. 15s-s1) The present invention relates to a preheating and vaporizing device for burners which are operated with a liquid fuel supplied under pressure.

Preheating and vaporizing devices for liquid 5 fuel burners have been known heretofore, but such known preheating and vaporizing devices have given unsatisfactory operation and were the source of constant diiiiculty and defectiveness of operation. Consequently, the use of such known i burners was not only inconvenient and an annoyance, but actually involved a fire hazard to the user.

The liquid fuel burner unit comprising the Apreheating and fuel feeding arrangement according B to the present invention will avoid these disadvantageous features of the known devices.

It is the object of this invention to provide a iiquid fuel burner unit in. which the fuel is fed in the manner of an injector and in which the inlet aperture for the liquid fuel is smaller than or at least not greater than the aperture for the jet dowing from the vaporizing element.

lit is a further object of this invention to provide a liquid fuel burner unit in which a sepa- 3g rate fuel containing chamber is provided for containing the fuel necessary for the preheating of the burner before starting the operation.

v.ii further object is the provision of larger surfaces for attaining the necessary volatilization of 4 the liquid fuel in successive steps and further providing the vaporizing element with a dirt separator and cleaning device for the nozzle to prevent clogging of the said nozzle.

A further object is to provide the burner unit SBB with special arrangements for supplying the burner with sufficient primary and secondary air for substantially complete combustion and further the arrangement of parts to prevent back-flashing of the burner ame. p

Other objects and advantages will appear in the following specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. l is a diagrammatic illustration in side` elevation showing a vaporizing element provided with a separate injector in the fuel supply line;

Fig. 2 is a similar view of another modification in which the fuel supply line is provided with an opening and a construction in the line below the opening;

M Fig. 3 is a'diagrammatic illustration of a third modification of the vaporizing element in which the aperture in the fuel line is disposed on the inner side of a curved portion of the line;

Fig. 4V is a similar view of a fourth modificas. tion of the vaporizing element in which the aperture in the fuel line is disposed on the outer side o the curved portion of the fuel line;

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic view of a vaporizing element and its relationship to the burner and fuel containers; f

Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic view similar to Fig. 5 in which the preheating-fuel vessel is positioned above the fuel reservoir;

Fig. 7 is a similar view to' Fig. 6 in which the preheating-fuel vessel is positioned` below the fuel reservoir;

Fig. 8 is a perspective View of 'a small cooking plate equipped with the applicants invention:

Fig. 8a is a perspective View of the cooking plate shown by Fig. 8, taken from another angle, l5'

Referring first to Fig. 5, I is the injector tube which is U -shaped and has an operi limb 2. The other limb 3 passes by way of a closure valve for example a tap 9 to the vaporizer 4 which discharges at the jet 6 into the mixing tube H pro- 20 vided on the burner i2. 'The burner I2 is disposed beneath the vaporizer 4 so that its ame heats the vaporizer.

The U-shaped tube l has an aperture at 6 which is smaller than or at the most equal to the aperture of the jet 5` of the vaporizer 4. The U- shaped pipe l 'is disposed in a separate chamber i5 which in the embodiment according to Fig. 5

is disposed immediately adjacent the fuel reservoir i3 and is connected therewith by means of 30 a pipe il. The pipe I'l discharges at I8 into the preheating fuel chamber i5. This vessel is also 'connected with an air pump i4. y

The mode of operation oi.' the arrangement is as follows. The fuel reservoir i3 and also the 35 preheating fuel chamber l5 by way of the pipe il are ilrst partly filled with the appropriate fuel. 'I'hen by means of the air pump I4 air under pressure is forced into the preheating fuel chamber l5 so that the liquid is displaced through the pipe 40 il into the fuel reservoir I3 which is also under pressure. In this way the liquid level in the preheating fuel chamber sinks to the level and rises in the fuel reservoir i3 to the level b-b. If now the valve 9 is opened then the compressed air in 45 the chamber l5 passes through the pipe 2 and the pipe 3 into the vaporizer 4 and in so doing conveys with it the fuel vapours which are in the preheating fuel chamber as well as a' certain quantity of liquid. The gas-air mixture passes through the nozzle 5 into the burner Il and is ignited at the burner head l2.

Due tothe escape of the compressed air the liquid level in the prebeater fuel chamber I 6 again rises whereby at the same time the liquid passes 56 through the pipe I1 from the reservoir I3 until finally the liquid level in the chamber I reaches the level c-c whereas the liquid level in the reservoir I3 assumes the position d-d. How- 5 ever, in this way the liquid closes the inlet for further air to the pipes, I, 2 and 3, and now only liquid passes through the pipe 3 into the vaporizer 4 and there is vaporized and then passes as gas or as gas-air mixture to the burner I2.

As only a very small quantity of gas-air mixture is necessary to light the burner it is possible to utilize the same for heating the vaporizer for the continuous operation.

If the burner is to be rendered inoperative then all that is necessary is to close the valve 9 'to suspend the supply of fuel. Vaporization is thereby terminated and the ame of the burner I2 goes out.

To set the apparatus Ain operation again it is frequently necessary to supplement the compressed air in the preheating fuel chamber by one or two short strokes of the pump in order to render the burner ready for operation and on opening the valve 9 the burner can be ignited Fig. 1 shows schematically another construction of the injector pipe. Here a separate injector chamber 'I is provided at the lower end of the pipe I, the pipe 2 which leads to the air space 30 of the preheating fuel chamber I5 projecting into the chamber 'I at 8. 6 is an inlet aperture for the liquid fuel'which aperture is smaller than the outlet aperture of the nozzle l provided on the vaporizer 4. In this case also the pipe 3 is pro- In the embodimii'taccordins to Fis. 2 the U- shaped pipe I is constricted afterthemanner of an injector immediately beneath the inlet aperture 6 for the liquid fuel and'here again the aper- 40 ture 8 is smaller than the outlet aperture of the nozzle i.

In the embodimentV according to Fig. 3 the inlet aperture 6 is disposed on the inner curve of the U-shaped pipe I while in the embodiment of Fig.

45 4 it is disposed on the outer curve of the U-shaped pipe, this U-shaped pipe being somewhat circular in form at the bend; otherwise the arrangement is the same as in the constructions above discussed.

50 Fig. 6 shows a construction in which the preheating fuel chamber I 5 is disposed above the liquid container I3. The two containers are interconnected by means of the pipeA I 1.

Inthe embodiment according to Fig. 7 the pre- 55 heating fuel chamber Il is disposed beneath the container I3 andhere again the two containers are interconnected by means of the pipe I1. In other respects the embodiments of Figs. 6 and 'I are the same'as that of Fig. 5.

60 Finally, Figs. 8 and 8a show the entire arrangeing fuel chamber I5 which is charged with compressed air by means of the air pump I4.

We claim:

l. In a liquid fuel burner unit comprising a burner having a vaporizer heated thereby, the 5 combination of a fuel reservoir, a chamber connected at its lower portion with the fuel reservoir and otherwise permanently unconnected therewith, means for conducting fuel from said chamber to said vaporizer, Said means comprising a l0 pipe having an opening in the chamber above the y connection of the chamber with the reservoir,

means for displacing a predetermined portion of liquid fuel from the chamber to the reservoir by air drawn directly from the outside atmosphere, 15

,and a flow control device in said pipe, whereby upon opening of said control device carbureted air in said chamber passes to the burner and upon exhaustion of said air liquid fuel passes to said burner. 20

2. A liquid fuel burner unit comprising a burner having a vaporizer heated thereby, said vaporizer having a restricted opening into -said burner, a fuel reservoir maintained under pressure, a chamber connected at its lower portion with the fuel reservoir, means for conducting fuel from said chamber to said vaporizer, said means comprising a U-shaped pipe having one leg opening into the fuel vaporizer, said pipe extending within the chamber and adjacent the bottom thereof and having its other leg opening into said cham'- ber adjacent the top, said pipe having a restricted opening into the chamber at the lower portion thereof, said opening being no vlarger than the opening from the vaporizer to the burner, means for displacing a predetermined portion oi' liquid fuel from the chamber to the reservoir by air drawn from the outside atmosphere, and a flow control device in said pipe, whereby upon opening of said control device carbureted air in said cham- 40 ber passes to the burner and upon exhaustion of said air liquid fuel passes to said burner.

3. Apparatus for supplying fuel to a liquid fuel burner in which the burner heats a fuel vaporizer comprising, a liquid fuel reservoir having a permanently closed top and side walls permanently closed at their upper portions, a liquid fuel-air chamber having a connection with the fuel reservoir at their lower portions, means for introducing air under pressure directly from the outside into the upper portion of the fuel-air chamber to put said chamber and reservoir under pressure and force liquid fuel from the chamber into the reservoir whereby the air in the upper portion of the reservoir is compressed and tends to force liquid from the reservoir into the fuel-air chamber, a pipe extending from the vaporizer into the fuelair chamber, a cut olf valve in said pipe, the portion of said pipe in said fuel-air chamber being U-,shaped and having an opening in the upper 00 portion of the free leg thereof and having another opening at a lower portion of the pipe in saidchamber.

HERMANN GUHL. FR.. W. OSCAR DORL. KARL GARGEL.

cmrrrclvm or connrc'non.

Patent No. 2,059,638. hovember 3, 1936.

HERMANN cum., m AL.

It is hereby certified that the residence of the assignee in the above num bex'ed ypatent was erroneously described and specified as "Beiden, Germany" whereas said residence should have been described and specified as Karlsruhe in Baden, Germany, as shown by the records of assignments in this office; and l that the said Lettere Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.`

Signed and sealed this 12th day of January. A. D, 1937.

Henry Van Arsdale (Seal.) Acting Commissioner of Potente. 

